An industrial accident occurs when a working hazardous production factor is exposed to it at the time of performance of his job duties or tasks of the work manager. Examples of accidents include falling from a height, bruises, dislocations, fractures, cuts, traumatic amputations of various parts of the body, burns, frostbite, exposure to electric current, hitting cars, etc.
The consequences of accidents can be very different: from microtraumas, which do not even cause temporary disability, to death. Accidents, depending on the circumstances, reasons, place and time of the incident, are divided into: accidents at work related to work; non-production accidents and domestic injuries.
The criteria for classifying an injury as an industrial injury (industrial accident), the procedure for investigating. This resolution approved the Rules for Investigation and Recording of Industrial Accidents and Occupational Diseases.
These Rules establish a unified procedure for the investigation, registration and recording of industrial accidents and occupational diseases. These Rules apply to: employers; policyholders for compulsory insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases (hereinafter - the policyholders); insurers entrusted with compulsory insurance against accidents and occupational diseases (hereinafter - insurers); foreign citizens and stateless persons; performing work on the basis of an employment contract (contract) (hereinafter referred to as employees); performing work on the basis of membership in organizations of any organizational and legal forms; heads and members of peasant (farming) households; students and pupils of educational institutions, including during their industrial practice (internship). The Rules for the investigation and registration of accidents apply regardless of the affiliation or non-affiliation of the victims with trade unions, however, the Rules reflect the powers of trade unions.
The main goal of improving working conditions is to achieve a social effect, i.e. ensuring labor safety, preserving the life and health of workers, reducing the number of accidents and diseases at work.
Improvement of working conditions also gives economic results: increase in profits (by increasing labor productivity); reduction of costs associated with compensation for work with harmful and difficult working conditions; reduction of losses associated with injuries, occupational morbidity; reduction in staff turnover, etc. The main document in the regulatory and technical documentation is the regulatory act "System of Labor Safety Standards".
The development of measures to prevent accidents, reduce the risk of accidents, improve safety and working conditions requires the heads of enterprises to manage industrial safety, system integration of human production processes into their systems, as well as the ability to implement countermeasures. Safely. commercial activity. To solve the problems of industrial safety management, a large amount of information is used, represented by a large number of indicators of a different nature and structure. In order to quickly respond to changing factors affecting the state of protection of hazardous production equipment, it is necessary to analyze and manage production risks, as well as use advanced technologies that allow organizing and processing data to achieve production risk levels.
Analysis of statistical data on accidents, theoretical study of the reliability of technological processes, modeling of situations of increased danger and risk assessment of victims, risk reduction and elimination of the consequences of accidents and accidents at hazardous production facilities Impossible without planning and timely implementation of measures. All this is an important element of measures aimed at increasing the protection of the population and territories from man-made emergencies.
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